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📖 Theory Guide →
General Principles · CAD · Hypertension · Diabetes · Asthma · Cancer · Osteoporosis · Arthritis
Chapter 13 Theory Quiz
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—MCQ (20)
—Fill-In (5)
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Part A — Multiple Choice
20 Questions · 1 pt each
Part B — Fill in the Blank
5 Questions · 1 pt each
Part C — True / False
5 Questions · 1 pt each
Chapter 13 Case Studies
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Case Studies (Multiple Choice)
7 Cases · 35 Questions · 1 pt each
General Principles
ACE IFT Model still appliesFollow IFT guidelines but modify by disease characteristics, restrictions, severity, safety, activities to emphasize/avoid. Low-to-moderate intensity, gradual progression.
Medical clearance firstObtain physician approval after screening; follow restrictions; communicate with the healthcare team.
SOAP notesSubjective (client report) · Objective (HR, BP, assessments, logs) · Assessment (status summary) · Plan (next steps)
Multidisciplinary teamPhysician, PT, exercise pro, RD, mental-health pro — more effective than any single intervention.
CAD (Low-Risk + Exercise)
Low-risk criteriaUncomplicated course · no ischemia · ≥7 METs (3 wks post-event) · ejection fraction >50% · no significant arrhythmias
| Variable | Guideline |
|---|---|
| Frequency | ≥3, preferably ≥5 days/wk |
| Intensity | 40–80% HRR; RPE 12–16; ≥10 bpm below ischemic threshold |
| Time | 20–60 min + 5–10 min warm-up/cool-down |
| Muscular | 2–3×/wk; RPE ≤12–13; avoid Valsalva |
| Progression | ↑ volume 2–10% after 1–2 reps beyond target ×2 sessions |
Hypertension (>130/80)
| Category | SBP / DBP |
|---|---|
| Normal | <120 / <80 |
| Elevated | 120–129 / <80 |
| Stage 1 | 130–139 / 80–89 |
| Stage 2 | ≥140 / ≥90 |
ExerciseMost/all days; 40–59% HRR, RPE 12–13, below VT1; ≥30 min. Avoid Valsalva.
MedicationsBeta blockers/CCBs blunt HR → use RPE. Diuretics → dehydration. All → slow position changes, prolonged cool-down.
Diabetes (Blood Glucose Rules)
| Glucose | Action |
|---|---|
| <70 mg/dL | Relative contraindication — treat first |
| <100 mg/dL | Most insulin users eat carbs before exercise |
| ≥300 + ketones | Do NOT exercise |
FrequencyNo 2 consecutive days off (benefits lost 24–48 h). 150 min/wk moderate. Check glucose before AND after.
Dyslipidemia Lipid Values
| Lipid | Target |
|---|---|
| LDL | <100 optimal; ≥160 high |
| HDL | <40 low (bad); ≥60 high (good) |
| Triglycerides | <150 normal; ≥200 high |
ExerciseVolume (frequency + duration) raises HDL more than intensity. ≥5 days/wk; 50–60 min/day min for weight loss. Muscular training: no effect on TG.
Asthma · COPD · PAD
Asthma / EIB~80% of asthmatics get EIB. 10–15 min vigorous warm-up → refractory period. Rescue inhaler always present; avoid cold/dry air.
COPDExercise improves function & reduces dyspnea but won't change the disease. Muscular training is critical.
PADWalking is the choice. Walk to claudication pain 3–4/4, rest, repeat. "Intensity" = pain level, NOT %VO₂max.
Cancer
Safe & beneficial during treatmentReduces fatigue, nausea, anxiety, depression; improves QoL. Avoid inactivity.
| Variable | Guideline |
|---|---|
| CR | 3–5 days/wk; 150 min/wk moderate or 75 min vigorous |
| Muscular | Start <30% 1-RM, progress ~5%; ≥1 set of 8–12 |
Osteoporosis & Arthritis
OsteoporosisBMD >2.5 SD below mean. AVOID spinal flexion/twisting/compression & jarring moves. Emphasize weight-bearing + impact. Calcium 1,000–1,200 mg/day + vitamin D.
OsteoarthritisLow-impact only (walk, cycle, swim); no running. Weight loss reduces joint load. All work in pain-free ROM.
Rheumatoid arthritisAutoimmune; isometric exercise + limited ROM to avoid joint loading. Mediterranean (anti-inflammatory) diet.